Phân biệt thì quá khứ hoàn thành và quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn

5 phút cùng Monkey phân biệt nhanh thì quá khứ hoàn thành và quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn theo 3 tiêu chí: công thức, cách dùng và dấu hiệu nhận biết. Sau đó, các bạn hãy làm bài tập ứng dụng để kiểm tra độ hiểu bài của mình nhé!

Công thức thì quá khứ hoàn thành và quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Loại câu	Thì quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect)	Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Past Perfect Continuous)
	Động từ tobe
Khẳng định	S + had been + Adj/ Noun + O Mary had been a great dancer when she was a student. (Mary đã là một vũ công giỏi khi cô ấy còn là sinh viên).	S + had + been + V_ing + O When I looked out of the window, it had been raining. (Khi tôi nhìn ra ngoài cửa sổ, trời vẫn đang mưa).
Phủ định	S + hadn’t been + Adj/ Noun + O Mary hadn’t been a great dancer when she was a student. (Mary vốn không phải 1 vũ công giỏi khi cô ấy còn là sinh viên).	S + hadn’t + been + V_ing + O When I looked out of the window, it hadn’t been raining. (Khi tôi nhìn ra ngoài cửa sổ, trời đã không còn mưa nữa).
Nghi vấn	Had + S + been + O? Had Mary been a great dancer when she was a student? (Mary có phải là 1 vũ công giỏi khi cô ấy còn là sinh viên?)	Had + S + been + V_ing + O? Had it been raining when you came here? (Có phải trời vẫn đang mưa khi bạn đi đến đây?)
WH-question	WH-q + S + had been + O? How Mary had been a great dancer when she was a student? (Làm thế nào mà Mary là 1 vũ công giỏi khi cô ấy còn là sinh viên?)	WH-word + had + S + been + V-ing +…? S + had + been + V-ing… How long had it been raining before I woke up? (Trời đã mưa bao lâu trước khi tôi tỉnh dậy?)
	Động từ thường
Khẳng định	S + had + PII + O I had done my work before I exercised. (Tôi đã hoàn thành công việc trước khi tập luyện)
Phủ định	S + hadn’t + PII + O I hadn’t done my work before I exercised. (Tôi chưa hoàn thành công việc trước khi tập luyện)
Nghi vấn	Had + S + PII + O ? Had you done your work before you played games? (Bạn đã hoàn thành công việc trước chơi game chưa?)
WH-question	WH-q + had + S + PII + O? Why hadn’t you done work before you played games? (Vì sao bạn không hoàn thành công việc trước khi chơi game?)

Cách dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành và hoàn thành tiếp diễn

STT	Thì quá khứ hoàn thành	Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn
1	Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành động khác trong quá khứ. (nhấn mạnh vào kết quả của hành động). When I got up this morning, my father had already left. (Khi tôi thức dậy vào buổi sáng, bố tôi đã ra ngoài).	Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành động khác trong quá khứ. (nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động) I had been thinking about that before you mentioned it. (Tôi đã luôn nghĩ về điều đó trước khi bạn nhắc đến).
2	Thường sử dụng để diễn tả 1 hành động trước 1 thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ. We had lived in Hue before 1975. (Chúng tôi đã sống ở đây trước năm 1975).	Diễn tả hành động vừa xảy ra, tiếp tục đến khi hành động thứ 2 diễn ra. (Hành động thứ 2 dùng quá khứ đơn). Thông thường, khoảng thời gian được nêu rõ trong câu. The men had been playing cards for 3 hours when I came. (Người đàn ông đã chơi bài liên tục trong 3h khi tôi đến).
3	Sử dụng trong câu điều kiện loại 3 If I had known that you were there, I would have written you a letter. (Nếu tôi biết bạn ở đó, tôi sẽ viết cho bạn 1 lá thư).
4	Dùng trong cấu trúc câu ước không có thực trong quá khứ I wish I had had more time to study and I would pass. (Tôi ước tôi có thêm thời gian để học và tôi sẽ đỗ).

Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì quá khứ hoàn thành và hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Bạn học có thể nhận biết 2 thì quá khứ hoàn thành và hoàn thành tiếp diễn thông qua các liên từ dưới đây:

Thì quá khứ hoàn thành

Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn

When: khi, lúc

By the time: vào lúc

Until: cho đến khi

Before: trước, trước khi

After: sau, sau khi

Since: từ khi, khi

For: trong vòng, trong khi

How long: bao lâu

Bài tập phân biệt thì quá khứ hoàn thành và hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Bài 1: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc

1: He………………..(marry) her two years before we met.

2: James told me you………………..(buy) the old vicarage two years before your son’s birth.

3: I wish we………………..(buy) had bought it before.

4: When I arrived at the station, the train………………..(leave).

5: He………………..(play) tennis for 4 hours when he broke his leg.

6: The dog came into the house once she………………..(finish) the housework.

7: He………………..(drive) his car for 10 minutes when he realized it had a flat tire.

8: She………………..(throw) the letter away when she noticed it was not important.

9: He………………..(swim) for 15 minutes when he understood he had lost his swimsuit.

10: It………………..(rain) for one hour when the wind started to blow.

11: He rushed to the baker’s when he saw his wife………………..(forget) buy some bread.

12: Sarah was exhausted. She………………..(wash) the dishes for more than three hours.

13: When he saw her, he knew he………………..(meet) her before.

14: When he phoned her, she………………..(go) out.

15: When Ron arrived, the party………………..(already/begin).

16: The children………………..(already/go) to bed when their mother came from work.

17: If I………………..(not/be) absent yesterday, I would have met him.

18: I was very tired when I arrived home. I………………..(work) hard all day.

19: When I arrived at the party, Tom wasn’t there. He………………..(go) home.

20: When we got home last night, we found that somebody………………..(break) into the flat.

Bài 2: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc để hoàn thành câu

1. Mike ________ his friends before he went abroad for two months. (visit)

2. Paul ________ his car for two days before he called the mechanic. (repair)

3. Pamela ________ for two hours before her boyfriend arrived. (dance)

4. Melany ________ her house by the time the guests arrived. (clean)

5. My brother ________ before I felt angry with him. (apologize)

6. The athletes ________ around the stadium for some time before they were stopped by their coach. (run)

7. The pirates ________ before the rescue team arrived. (escape)

8. The sales manager ________ the advantages of his product for about half an hour before I agreed to buy some samples. (describe)

9. I ________ before my alarm clock rang. (wake up)

10. The kids ________ a lot of mess before their mother came back home from work. (make)

11. The teacher ________ our dictations for several minutes by the time the bell rang. (correct)

12. Susan ________ her thesis for two months before her supervisor told her that she was on the wrong path. (work over)

13. You ________ the party by the time everything happened. (leave)

14. Jack ________ online games for an hour before I came. (play)

15. The new students ________ in the classroom for 15 minutes before they realized that it was the wrong classroom. (wait)

Bài 3: Sắp xếp các từ cho đúng để hoàn thành câu

1 you / went / eaten / Had / you / breakfast / out / before / ?

…………………………………………….

2 long / They / bus / waiting / the / hadn’t / arrived / been / when

…………………………………………….

3 been / swimming / because / just / was / he / cold / he’d

…………………………………………….

4 before / London / he / living / to / Where / he / had / been / moved / ?

…………………………………………….

5 so / expected / presents / get / hadn’t / She / to / many

…………………………………………….

6 before / for / long / married / they / dating / they / Had / been / got / ?

…………………………………………….

Bài 4: Hoàn thành câu thứ 2 với thì quá khứ hoàn thành sao cho nghĩa tương tự

1. It was months since he’d played tennis.

He ……………………………………….. for months.

2. She ate her dinner and then went to bed.

After she ……………………………………….., she went to bed.

3. Zoe saved for ages and then bought a new watch.

Zoe ……………………………………….. before she bought a new watch.

4. Eric broke his arm so he couldn’t go to school.

Eric couldn’t go to school ………………………………………..

5. We sat in the park for an hour and then it got dark.

By the time it ………………………………

Bài 5: Điền từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống để hoàn thành đoạn văn

date enjoy find not imagine live star think

Jennifer Lawrence was born in the United States in 1990. Once, before she became famous, she 1………………………….. about being a doctor and 2………………………….. that she’d ever become an actress. That changed when she was fourteen. She 3………………………….. a spring break with her parents when a stranger spotted her and asked to do a screen test. Then things progressed fast. Not long after she 4………………………….. work in commercials for MTV, she appeared in a TV series. Her family 5………………………….. in Kentucky for many years, but they moved to Los Angeles when her career took off. Two years before filming The Hunger Games in 2012, she 6………………………….. in Winter’s Bone and been nominated for an Oscar. She 7………………………….. Nicholas Hoult, her co-star from X-Men, for two years when they split up in 2013.

Bài 6: Cho dạng đúng của động từ để hoàn thành đoạn văn

Producers Neil Meron and Craig Zaidan 1…………………………… (make) films for years before they took over the organisation of the Oscars ceremony in 2012. In fact, they 2…………………………… (win) an Academy award themselves – for the musical Chicago. Once they 3…………………………… (accept) the job, they set about giving the event a facelift. They felt that the winners 4…………………………… (take) too long to get to the microphone in recent years, which meant that the ceremony 5…………………………… (become) tedious. They changed the seating arrangements and they also tried to make the show more entertaining. A good example of this was with a mid-show pizza delivery during the 2014 ceremony. Meron and Zaiden 6…………………………… (worry) about this moment since the host 7…………………………… (suggest) it to them. They were relieved when it was over as they 8…………………………… (not tell) the delivery boy he would be on the Oscars, so they didn’t know how he would react.

Đáp án bài tập

Bài 1:

1. had married

2. had bought

3. had bought

4. had left

5. Had been playing

6. had finished

7. Had been driving

8. had thrown

9. had been swimming

10. had been raining

11. had forgotten

12. had been washing

13. had met

14. had gone

15. had already begun

16. had already gone

17. hadn’t been

18. had been working

19. had gone

20. had broken

Bài 2:

1. had visited

2. had been repairing

3. had been dancing

4. had cleaned

5. had apologized

6. had been running

7. had escaped

8. had been describing

9. had woken up

10. had made

11. had been correcting

12. had been working over

13. had left

14. had been playing

15. had been waiting

Bài 3:

1. Had you eaten breakfast before you went out?

2. They hadn’t been waiting long when the bus arrived.

3. He was cold because he’d just been swimming.

4. Where had he been living before he moved to London?

5. She hadn’t expected to get so many presents.

6. Had they been dating for long before they got married?

Bài 4:

1. hadn’t played tennis

2. had eaten her dinner

3. had been saving for ages

4. because he had broken his arm.

5. got dark, we had been sitting

6. had never visited / had not visited

Bài 5:

1. had thought

2. hadn’t imagined

3. had been enjoying

4. had found

5. had been living

6. had starred

7. had been dating

Bài 6:

1. had been making

2. had won

3. had accepted

4. had been taking

5. had become

6. had been worrying

7. had suggested

8. hadn’t told

Thì quá khứ hoàn thành và quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn là 2 thì tương đối khó trong ngữ pháp về thời thì. Vì vậy, các bạn cần đọc kỹ 3 điểm khác biệt được nêu trong bài viết trên, sau đó thực hành bài tập để nắm chắc kiến thức nhé!

Chúc các bạn học tốt!

Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous - Ngày truy cập: 10/06/2022

https://englishtivi.com/past-perfect-and-past-perfect-continuous/

English Grammar Exercises for B2 - Ngày truy cập: 10/06/2022

https://english-practice.net/english-grammar-exercises-for-b2-past-perfect-simple-and-past-perfect-continuous/